AGI August 40/2
نویسندگان
چکیده
Santos, Javier, Paul R. Saunders, Nico P. M. Hanssen, Ping-Chang Yang, Derrick Yates, Jack A. Groot, and Mary H. Perdue. Corticotropin-releasing hormone mimics stress-induced colonic epithelial pathophysiology in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G391– G399, 1999.—We examined the effect of stress on colonic epithelial physiology, the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and the pathways involved. Rats were restrained or injected intraperitoneally with CRH or saline. Colonic segments were mounted in Ussing chambers, in which ion secretion and permeability (conductance and probe fluxes) were measured. To test the pathways involved in CRH-induced changes, rats were pretreated with hexamethonium, atropine, bretylium, doxantrazole, a-helical CRH-(9— 41) (all intraperitoneally), or aminoglutethimide (subcutaneously). Restraint stress increased colonic ion secretion and permeability to ions, the bacterial peptide FMLP, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). These changes were prevented by a-helical CRH-(9—41) and mimicked by CRH (50 μg/kg). CRH-induced changes in ion secretion were abolished by a-helical CRH-(9—41), hexamethonium, atropine, or doxantrazole. CRH-stimulated conductance was significantly inhibited by a-helical CRH-(9—41), hexamethonium, bretylium, or doxantrazole. CRH-induced enhancement of HRP flux was significantly reduced by all drugs but aminoglutethimide. Peripheral CRH reproduced stress-induced colonic epithelial pathophysiology via cholinergic and adrenergic nerves and mast cells. Modulation of stress responses may be relevant to the management of colonic disorders.
منابع مشابه
Precipitation and Primary Health Care Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness in Gothenburg, Sweden
BACKGROUND The river Göta Älv is a source of freshwater for the City of Gothenburg, Sweden, and we recently identified a clear influence of upstream precipitation on concentrations of indicator bacteria in the river water, as well as an association with the daily number of phone calls to the nurse advice line related to acute gastrointestinal illnesses (AGI calls). This study aimed to examine v...
متن کاملThe association between farming activities, precipitation, and the risk of acute gastrointestinal illness in rural municipalities of Quebec, Canada: a cross-sectional study
BACKGROUND Increasing livestock density and animal manure spreading, along with climate factors such as heavy rainfall, may increase the risk of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI). In this study we evaluated the association between farming activities, precipitation and AGI. METHODS A cross-sectional telephone survey of randomly selected residents (n = 7006) of 54 rural municipalities in Que...
متن کامل[Effect of the implementation of a guideline for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in surgical patients].
INTRODUCTION Effective strategies for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are widely available, but still remain underused, mainly in our country. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to verify whether the implementation of a guideline for VTE prophylaxis for surgical patients influenced the prescription of prophylaxis by the medical staff. METHODS This was a retrospective preintervention-postinter...
متن کاملReport on the Sixth Conference on Artificial
the attempt to build systems that show intelligence on a human level and scale while working in realistic situations, that is, systems that can operate in environments they do not know in advance, on tasks they are not specifically designed for, and that embrace the breadth of human capabilities. Motivated by the original idea of artificial intelligence in the 1950s and 1960s, there has been a ...
متن کاملWhole Cell Therapeutic Vaccine Modified With Hyper-IL6 for Combinational Treatment of Nonresected Advanced Melanoma
UNLABELLED Active specific immunotherapy of cancer requires an efficient induction and effector phase. The induction covers potent activation of anti-tumor response, whereas effector breaks the immunosuppression. We report efficacy of therapeutic melanoma vaccine (AGI-101H) used alone in advanced disease as a candidate for further combined treatment. In adjuvant setting in patients with resecte...
متن کاملAGI August 40/2
Mizuta, Yohei, Toku Takahashi, and Chung Owyang. Nitrergic regulation of colonic transit in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G275–G279, 1999.— Nitric oxide has been shown to be an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian colon, although its role in colonic transit remains unclear. We investigated the effect of the nitric oxide biosynthesis inhibitor NG-nitro-L-ar...
متن کامل